Java Loop Statements, String Handling
i) Java Loop Statements
ii) String Handling inwards Java
---------------------------------------------
Java Conditional Statements
6) Decide with several alternates (using switch statement)
Syntax:
switch (expression){
case value:
Statements
-------------
-----------
----------
break;
case value:
Statements
-------------
-----------
----------
break;
case value:
Statements
-------------
-----------
----------
break;
default:
Statements
-----------
-----------
-----------
}
Example:
public static void main(String[] args) {
char course of teaching ='X';
switch (grade){
case 'A':
System.out.println("Excellent");
break;
case 'B':
System.out.println("Good");
break;
case 'C':
System.out.println("Better");
break;
default:
System.out.println("Invalid Grade");
}
----------------------------------------------
i) Java Loop Statements
Four Loop Structures inwards Java
1) for loop
2) spell loop
3) produce spell loop
4) Enhanced for loop
-----------------------------------
1) for loop
Description:
It repeats a block of statements for a specified publish of times.
Syntax:
for (dataType variableName = startValue; endValue; increment/decrement){
Statements
---------------
-----------
}
Example 1: Print 1 to 10 Numbers
for (int i=1; i <= 10; i++){
System.out.println(i);
}
---------------------------------------------------
Example 2: Print 10 to 1 Numbers
for (int i=10; i >= 1; i--){
System.out.println(i);
}
Example 3: Print 1 to 10 Numbers except quaternary Number
for (int i=1; i <= 10; i++){
if (i!=4){
System.out.println(i);
}
}
----------------------------------------------
Example 3: Print 1 to 10 Numbers except quaternary as well as seventh Numbers
for (int i=1; i <= 10; i++){
if ((i!=4) && (i!=7)){
System.out.println(i);
}
}
-----------------------------------------------
2) spell loop
Description
It repeats a block of statements spell status is true.
Syntax:
Initialization
while (condition){
Statements
--------------
--------------
increment/decrement
}
Example:
int i =1;
while (i<=10){
System.out.println(i);
i++;
}
-------------------------------------------
int i =10;
while (i>=1){
System.out.println(i);
i--;
}
----------------------------------------------
int i =1;
while (i<=10){
if (i != 6){
System.out.println(i);
}
i++;
}
----------------------------------------------
3) produce spell loop
Description:
It repeats a block of statements spell status is true.
It executes a block of statements at to the lowest degree i time irrespective of the condition.
Syntax:
Initialization;
do
{
Statements
-----------
----------
increment/decrement;
} spell (condition);
Example:
int i=1;
do
{
System.out.println(i);
i++;
} spell (i<=10);
--------------------------------------
int i=20;
do
{
System.out.println(i);
i++;
} spell (i<=10);
-------------------------------------------
4) Enhance for loop
Description:
It executes all elements inwards an Array
Syntax:
Array Declaration;
for (declaration: Array){
Statements
-------------
}
Example:
String [] languages = {"C", "COBOL", "Java", "VBScript"};
for (String lang: languages){
System.out.println(lang);
}
Example 2:
public static void main(String[] args) {
int a=10, b=20;
int [] mathOperations = novel int [3];
mathOperations[0] = a+b;
mathOperations[1] = a-b;
mathOperations[2] = a*b;
for (int operation: mathOperations){
System.out.println(operation);
}
--------------------------------------------------------
we tin use,
a) Only Condition blocks
Example:
if (a > b){
System.out.println("A is a Big Number");
}
else
{
System.out.println("B is a Big Number");
}
-----------------------------
Or
b) Only Loop Blocks
for (int i = 1; i<=5; i++){
System.out.println(i);
}
Or
c) Condition/s with inwards a Loop block
for (int i = 1; i<=5; i++){
if (i != 3){
System.out.println(i);
}
}
Or
d) Loop/s with inwards a Condition
in a Java program.
----------------------------------------------------
Assignment:
Loops with inwards a Condition
Write an Example: Insert a loop disceptation inwards If Condition
----------------------------------------------
ii) String Handling inwards Java
What is String?
String is a sequence of characters written inwards double quotes.
String may bring Alphabets, Numbers as well as Special Characters.
Example:
"India"
"123"
"India123"
"India*"
"India123*&"
"&*^%"
"Selenium Testing"
"Test Automation using Selenium as well as Java"
------------------------------------------------------
Data Types inwards Computer Programming
Numbers (Integer ,Float as well as Double information types)
Integer (ex: 100)
byte, short, int, long
Floating cry for / Decimal values (Ex: 1.234)
float, double
Characters (Ex: 'A' or 'a' or '1' or '*')
char information type
Boolean / Logical Values (Ex: true/false)
boolean information type
------------------------------------------
Strings (Ex: "India", "123")
Using String Object
--------------------------------------------
123 -Integer
1.234 - Decimal type
A - character
true/false - Logical value
"India123*" - String
-----------------------
Creating Strings
String myTool = "LoadRunner"; // String Variable
String [] myTools = {"Selenium", "UFT", "RFT", "SilkTest"}; //Array of Strings
System.out.println(myTool);
for (String abc: myTools){
System.out.println(abc);
}
-----------------------------------------------------
Operations on Strings
1) Concatenating Strings
String str1 = "Selenium ";
String str2 ="UFT";
System.out.println(str1 + str2);//Selenium UFT
System.out.println(str1.concat(str2));//Selenium UFT
System.out.println("Selenium " + "UFT");//Selenium UFT
System.out.println("Selenium"+ 1 + 1);//Selenium11
System.out.println(1 + 1 + "Selenium");//2Selenium
--------------------------------------------------------
Ex:
String + String - Concatenation
String + Integer - Concatenation
Integer + Integer - Addition
----------------------------------------
"Selenium"+ 1 + 1 //Selenium11
Selenium1 + 1 - Selenium11
-------------------------------------
1+1+"Selenium
2 + "Selenium" - 2Selenium
----------------------------------------------
2) String Comparison
We bring 2 types of Comaparison inwards Computer Programming
i) 2-way Comparison (True/False)
ii) 3-way Comparison (=, >, <)
Result Criteria:
if string1 = string2 as well as thus 0
if string1 > string2 as well as thus Positive value (Greater than 0)
if string1 < string2 as well as thus negative value (Less than 0)
------------------------------------------------------------
ANSI Character codes
//A to Z (65 to 90)
//a to z (97 to 122)
//0 to ix (48 to 57)
-------------------------------------------------------
a) String Comparison using Relational Operator (==)
Supports 2-way comparison
b) String Comparison using equals() method
Supports 2-way comparison
c) String Comparison using compareTo() Method
Supports 3-way comparison
Example:
public static void main(String[] args) {
String str1 = "SELENIUM";
String str2 = "selenium";
String str3="SELENIUM";
String str4 = "zselenium";
//String Comparison using Relational Operator (==)
System.out.println(str1 == str2);//false
System.out.println(str1 == str3);//true
//String Comparison using equals() method
System.out.println(str1.equals(str2));//false
System.out.println(str1.equals(str3));//true
//String Comparison using compareTo() Method
System.out.println(str1.compareTo(str2)); //Negative value/Less than 0
System.out.println(str1.compareTo(str3));//0
System.out.println(str4.compareTo(str2));//Positive value / Greater than 0
}
--------------------------------------------
i) Java Loop Statements
ii) String Handling inwards Java
---------------------------------------------
Java Conditional Statements
6) Decide with several alternates (using switch statement)
Syntax:
switch (expression){
case value:
Statements
-------------
-----------
----------
break;
case value:
Statements
-------------
-----------
----------
break;
case value:
Statements
-------------
-----------
----------
break;
default:
Statements
-----------
-----------
-----------
}
Example:
public static void main(String[] args) {
char course of teaching ='X';
switch (grade){
case 'A':
System.out.println("Excellent");
break;
case 'B':
System.out.println("Good");
break;
case 'C':
System.out.println("Better");
break;
default:
System.out.println("Invalid Grade");
}
----------------------------------------------
i) Java Loop Statements
Four Loop Structures inwards Java
1) for loop
2) spell loop
3) produce spell loop
4) Enhanced for loop
-----------------------------------
1) for loop
Description:
It repeats a block of statements for a specified publish of times.
Syntax:
for (dataType variableName = startValue; endValue; increment/decrement){
Statements
---------------
-----------
}
Example 1: Print 1 to 10 Numbers
for (int i=1; i <= 10; i++){
System.out.println(i);
}
---------------------------------------------------
Example 2: Print 10 to 1 Numbers
for (int i=10; i >= 1; i--){
System.out.println(i);
}
Example 3: Print 1 to 10 Numbers except quaternary Number
for (int i=1; i <= 10; i++){
if (i!=4){
System.out.println(i);
}
}
----------------------------------------------
Example 3: Print 1 to 10 Numbers except quaternary as well as seventh Numbers
for (int i=1; i <= 10; i++){
if ((i!=4) && (i!=7)){
System.out.println(i);
}
}
-----------------------------------------------
2) spell loop
Description
It repeats a block of statements spell status is true.
Syntax:
Initialization
while (condition){
Statements
--------------
--------------
increment/decrement
}
Example:
int i =1;
while (i<=10){
System.out.println(i);
i++;
}
-------------------------------------------
int i =10;
while (i>=1){
System.out.println(i);
i--;
}
----------------------------------------------
int i =1;
while (i<=10){
if (i != 6){
System.out.println(i);
}
i++;
}
----------------------------------------------
3) produce spell loop
Description:
It repeats a block of statements spell status is true.
It executes a block of statements at to the lowest degree i time irrespective of the condition.
Syntax:
Initialization;
do
{
Statements
-----------
----------
increment/decrement;
} spell (condition);
Example:
int i=1;
do
{
System.out.println(i);
i++;
} spell (i<=10);
--------------------------------------
int i=20;
do
{
System.out.println(i);
i++;
} spell (i<=10);
-------------------------------------------
4) Enhance for loop
Description:
It executes all elements inwards an Array
Syntax:
Array Declaration;
for (declaration: Array){
Statements
-------------
}
Example:
String [] languages = {"C", "COBOL", "Java", "VBScript"};
for (String lang: languages){
System.out.println(lang);
}
Example 2:
public static void main(String[] args) {
int a=10, b=20;
int [] mathOperations = novel int [3];
mathOperations[0] = a+b;
mathOperations[1] = a-b;
mathOperations[2] = a*b;
for (int operation: mathOperations){
System.out.println(operation);
}
--------------------------------------------------------
we tin use,
a) Only Condition blocks
Example:
if (a > b){
System.out.println("A is a Big Number");
}
else
{
System.out.println("B is a Big Number");
}
-----------------------------
Or
b) Only Loop Blocks
for (int i = 1; i<=5; i++){
System.out.println(i);
}
Or
c) Condition/s with inwards a Loop block
for (int i = 1; i<=5; i++){
if (i != 3){
System.out.println(i);
}
}
Or
d) Loop/s with inwards a Condition
in a Java program.
----------------------------------------------------
Assignment:
Loops with inwards a Condition
Write an Example: Insert a loop disceptation inwards If Condition
----------------------------------------------
ii) String Handling inwards Java
What is String?
String is a sequence of characters written inwards double quotes.
String may bring Alphabets, Numbers as well as Special Characters.
Example:
"India"
"123"
"India123"
"India*"
"India123*&"
"&*^%"
"Selenium Testing"
"Test Automation using Selenium as well as Java"
------------------------------------------------------
Data Types inwards Computer Programming
Numbers (Integer ,Float as well as Double information types)
Integer (ex: 100)
byte, short, int, long
Floating cry for / Decimal values (Ex: 1.234)
float, double
Characters (Ex: 'A' or 'a' or '1' or '*')
char information type
Boolean / Logical Values (Ex: true/false)
boolean information type
------------------------------------------
Strings (Ex: "India", "123")
Using String Object
--------------------------------------------
123 -Integer
1.234 - Decimal type
A - character
true/false - Logical value
"India123*" - String
-----------------------
Creating Strings
String myTool = "LoadRunner"; // String Variable
String [] myTools = {"Selenium", "UFT", "RFT", "SilkTest"}; //Array of Strings
System.out.println(myTool);
for (String abc: myTools){
System.out.println(abc);
}
-----------------------------------------------------
Operations on Strings
1) Concatenating Strings
String str1 = "Selenium ";
String str2 ="UFT";
System.out.println(str1 + str2);//Selenium UFT
System.out.println(str1.concat(str2));//Selenium UFT
System.out.println("Selenium " + "UFT");//Selenium UFT
System.out.println("Selenium"+ 1 + 1);//Selenium11
System.out.println(1 + 1 + "Selenium");//2Selenium
--------------------------------------------------------
Ex:
String + String - Concatenation
String + Integer - Concatenation
Integer + Integer - Addition
----------------------------------------
"Selenium"+ 1 + 1 //Selenium11
Selenium1 + 1 - Selenium11
-------------------------------------
1+1+"Selenium
2 + "Selenium" - 2Selenium
----------------------------------------------
2) String Comparison
We bring 2 types of Comaparison inwards Computer Programming
i) 2-way Comparison (True/False)
ii) 3-way Comparison (=, >, <)
Result Criteria:
if string1 = string2 as well as thus 0
if string1 > string2 as well as thus Positive value (Greater than 0)
if string1 < string2 as well as thus negative value (Less than 0)
------------------------------------------------------------
ANSI Character codes
//A to Z (65 to 90)
//a to z (97 to 122)
//0 to ix (48 to 57)
-------------------------------------------------------
a) String Comparison using Relational Operator (==)
Supports 2-way comparison
b) String Comparison using equals() method
Supports 2-way comparison
c) String Comparison using compareTo() Method
Supports 3-way comparison
Example:
public static void main(String[] args) {
String str1 = "SELENIUM";
String str2 = "selenium";
String str3="SELENIUM";
String str4 = "zselenium";
//String Comparison using Relational Operator (==)
System.out.println(str1 == str2);//false
System.out.println(str1 == str3);//true
//String Comparison using equals() method
System.out.println(str1.equals(str2));//false
System.out.println(str1.equals(str3));//true
//String Comparison using compareTo() Method
System.out.println(str1.compareTo(str2)); //Negative value/Less than 0
System.out.println(str1.compareTo(str3));//0
System.out.println(str4.compareTo(str2));//Positive value / Greater than 0
}
--------------------------------------------